The six essential points of the Health and Safety at Work Act

Workplaces in the UK have been protected by the Health and Safety at Work Act for over four decades. It’s a vital piece of legislation that’s applicable to all workplaces, whatever their size. In this blog, we break down the key points of the Act and explore its relevancy for the present day.
 

What is the Health and Safety at Work Act?

The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 (HASAWA) is an important piece of legislation for workplaces in the UK. It ensures that all employers provide a safe working environment and look out for the health of their employees—wherever their place of work.

It relates to the wellbeing of not only permanent staff but also casual, self-employed and temporary workers, as well as visiting members of the public. The Act is regulated by the Health and Safety Executive (HSE), the regulator for workplace health and safety in the UK.
 

What are the key points of the Heath and Safety at Work Act?

While it’s a fairly hefty piece of legislation, the key points can be distilled down into the following six points:

1. Provide a safe place of work

This covers the physical workplace to ensure that premises are up to standard. It includes considerations like fire safety, cleanliness, waste management and the handling of harmful substances. Workplaces such as construction sites or medical labs will have more factors to consider than an office building.

It’s the responsibility of all employers to be aware of the risks that their workplace poses, and to undertake an adequate risk assessment to make sure the right safety controls are in place.

2. Provide safe equipment

Any equipment that’s used at work, including computers and electronic devices, needs to be maintained to ensure it’s safe to use. This would usually involve periodic safety checks by an appointed person and a set process to report any faults so they can be repaired

3. Ensure staff are properly trained

In order to foster a safe workplace, it’s important to surround yourself with responsible and competent staff. This includes both onsite training (to ensure all staff have been trained to use equipment properly) and general health and safety training, such as manual handling and fire safety.

Employees also have a responsibility here to take on board training and carry out procedures safely, in the correct way. This ensures they are keeping themselves and others safe while carrying out their work.

4. Carry out risk assessments

Thorough risk assessments are an important part of HASAWA so employers can put in place appropriate preventative actions for each risk identified. One caveat to the legislation is that it requires employers to protect ‘as far as is reasonably practical’ the health and safety of their employees.

The key thing here is risk. If something is identified as a very low risk factor, and would incur significant cost to mitigate, it might not need to be actioned. This doesn’t mean it can be used as a way of avoiding responsibility, each risk should be carefully considered to ensure the health and safety of workers and members of the public.

5. Provide proper facilities

This covers the basics like toilets, clean drinking water, heating and air conditioning. If you provide kitchen facilities, any appliances will need to be checked and maintained accordingly. Employees also have their part to play in keeping these areas clean and tidy and in taking responsibility for their own health and safety.

6. Appoint a competent person to oversee health and safety

This would be a dedicated person who would be responsible for ensuring that all health and safety duties are being carried out and adhered to by employees. This might include routine safety inspections, managing day to day operations and working with safety reps throughout the business. If your organisation is attached to a union, you’ll also be required to liaise with an appointed representative.
 

Who is HASWA relevant for?

There are three main groups of people that HASWA applies to:

• Employers
• Employees
• Self-employed workers (in certain circumstances)

All employers must comply with HASWA, no matter the size or type of their business. The regulation doesn’t just apply to those in charge however, employees are also expected to take responsibility for their own safety and not to pose a risk to the people around them. For example, if an incident occurred that resulted in an injury because someone didn’t follow the correct procedure for clearing away equipment despite having training, then that employee could be found to be at fault.

Self-employed individuals are also subject to the Act if they have employees working for them, or if the work they do might pose a risk to others. Construction or agricultural work are good examples of this, but it can apply to anyone that provides a service where they’re using equipment or harmful substances; or if they are consulting on anything relating to health and safety.
 

Manage your health and safety at work compliance

Adhering to ISO 45001 is a good way to both manage essential occupational health and safety activities and evidence that your workplace is compliant with the Health and Safety at Work Act. Following the framework of the standard ensures that all aspects of health and safety at work are covered and also managed in an efficient way to provide assurance to employees, regulators and employers alike.
 

Is the health and safety at work act still relevant for 2024?

At the time it was introduced, workers were being exposed to dangerous working conditions in factories and mines. As there was no standardized law that covered different types of workplaces, the Health and Safety Act 1974 was brought into UK law to remedy this and prevent work-related accidents, deaths and illnesses.

HASAWA remains the foundation for protecting the wellbeing of the people coming into the workplace since its inception. However, in the era of remote and hybrid working, how does this apply? Employers still have a responsibility towards the health and safety of their employees who are working from home. They may need to consider the differing risk factors involved in remote working, such as off-site display screen equipment, maintaining communication and managing stress.